Audience: This page is for Python developers building clients that communicate with a running LotusRPC server.

Overview

LotusRPC ships a Python client library that lets you call functions and send/receive stream data from Python code. The same library powers lrpcc under the hood.

from lrpc.client import LrpcClient, LrpcResponse
from lrpc.utils import load_lrpc_def

Loading a definition

Both LrpcClient and the helper functions need an LrpcDef object parsed from the interface definition file. The simplest way is load_lrpc_def. For the full LrpcDef API see the Python definition model reference.

from lrpc.utils import load_lrpc_def

lrpc_def = load_lrpc_def("example.lrpc.yaml")   # path, YAML string, or file object

For definitions that use overlays, use DefinitionLoader instead — see DefinitionLoader.

Transport

LrpcClient is transport-agnostic. It communicates through any object that satisfies the LrpcTransport protocol:

class LrpcTransport(Protocol):
    def read(self, count: int = 1) -> bytes: ...
    def write(self, data: bytes) -> None: ...

read must block until count bytes are available and return them. On timeout it should return an empty bytes object — LrpcClient raises TimeoutError in that case. pyserial’s serial.Serial satisfies this protocol directly.

For a custom transport, see Extending LotusRPC.

LrpcClient

from lrpc.client import LrpcClient

Constructor

LrpcClient(lrpc_def: LrpcDef, transport: LrpcTransport)

from_server

LrpcClient.from_server(transport: LrpcTransport, save_to: Path | None = None) -> LrpcClient

Static method. Retrieves the embedded definition from the server and constructs a client from it. The server must have embed_definition: true set. Raises ValueError if no definition is found on the server.

If save_to is given, the retrieved definition is written to that path as a YAML file.

communicate

communicate(service_name: str, function_or_stream_name: str, **kwargs) -> LrpcResponse

Convenience wrapper around communicate_all that returns the first response directly. Use for regular function calls where exactly one response is expected.

response = client.communicate("math", "add", a=3, b=7)
print(response.payload["result"])   # 10

communicate_all

communicate_all(service_name: str, function_or_stream_name: str, **kwargs) -> Generator[LrpcResponse, ...]

Encodes the call, writes it to the transport, then reads and yields all responses. Pass function arguments or stream parameters as keyword arguments.

Response behavior depends on the call type:

Call type Yields
Function Exactly one LrpcResponse
Server stream, start=True One LrpcResponse per message until the stream ends
Server stream, start=False Nothing (stop message is sent, no response expected)
Client stream Nothing (message is sent, no response)

For finite streams, the implicit final field is automatically removed from each response payload before yielding. Reading continues as long as final was False on the last message.

# Server stream — start it and collect messages
for response in client.communicate_all("sensor", "readings", start=True):
    print(response.payload["value"])

# Stop a server stream
next(client.communicate_all("sensor", "readings", start=False), None)

# Client stream — fire and forget
next(client.communicate_all("logger", "write", message="hello"), None)

# Finite client stream — mark the last message
next(client.communicate_all("logger", "write", message="last", final=True), None)

Raises TimeoutError if the transport times out while waiting for a response.

encode

encode(service_name: str, function_or_stream_name: str, **kwargs) -> bytes

Encodes a request to raw bytes without sending it. Useful for testing or for custom transport implementations.

decode

decode(encoded: bytes) -> LrpcResponse

Decodes a raw response frame. The frame must be complete (minimum 3 bytes, correct length prefix). Raises ValueError for malformed frames or unrecognized service and function IDs.

check_server_version

check_server_version() -> bool

Calls LrpcMeta.version() on the server and compares three fields against client-side values:

Field Compared against
LotusRPC package version installed lotusrpc version
Definition version string settings.version in the definition
Definition hash SHA3-256 hash of the parsed definition

Returns True if all three match. Logs a warning for each mismatch and returns False.

LrpcResponse

LrpcResponse is a dataclass returned by communicate and communicate_all:

@dataclass
class LrpcResponse:
    service_name: str
    function_or_stream_name: str
    is_function_response: bool
    is_stream_response: bool
    is_error_response: bool
    is_expected_response: bool
    payload: dict[str, ...]

payload maps parameter and return value names to their decoded Python values:

LrpcType Python type
uint8_t … int64_t int
float, double float
bool bool
string str
bytearray bytes
enum str (field name)
struct dict[str, ...]
array list
optional (present) underlying value
optional (absent) None

Error responses are delivered when the server cannot find the requested service or function — for example when the client and server definitions have drifted. is_error_response is True and payload contains the meta error fields (type, p1, p2, p3, message). lrpcc logs these as warnings; a custom client should inspect is_error_response before using the payload. See Calling an unknown function or service.

DefinitionLoader

For definitions that use overlays, use DefinitionLoader instead of load_lrpc_def:

from lrpc.utils import DefinitionLoader

loader = DefinitionLoader("base.lrpc.yaml")
loader.add_overlay("overlay1.lrpc.yaml")   # can be called multiple times
loader.add_overlay("overlay2.lrpc.yaml")
lrpc_def = loader.lrpc_def()

DefinitionLoader accepts a file path (Path), a YAML string, or an open file object as definition_base. The warnings_as_errors parameter (default True) controls whether semantic warnings raise exceptions.